The mine companies need to find ways to protect groundwater, surface water and understand risks associated with water quality. They must also develop engineering controls and reclamation methods that are appropriate. Land reclamation and land reduction will reduce soil erosion and stabilize the soil by binding and protecting the surface. A good erosion control system will allow for natural regeneration and the preservation of valuable soil.
The mine has disturbed any ecosystem, such as the flora or fauna. Planting trees and native vegetation in the region to promote regeneration. The site must be restored richard w warke to its original, stable state. The mines could be used for agricultural purposes, solar panels farms, biofuel production, or recreational use.
The production stops, and the number of workers is reduced. Only a few skilled workers remain to shut the mine permanently. Sometimes, re-training and early retirement are options. Workers or contractors decommission the mine by dismantling mining processing equipment and facilities. The cleaned items are then stored or sold. The buildings are demolished or repurposed, the warehouse material is recovered and waste is disposed.
Land and watercourses must be reclaimed in a way that ensures the stability of any structures and landforms, as well as good water quality. Land is restored and reshaped by removing hazardous materials, adding topsoil, and planting grasses or trees native to the area.
After closure, it is crucial to evaluate the reclamation program and identify any additional actions that may be required. After mine closure, mines will require ongoing care and maintenance, such as the treatment of mine water discharge, regular monitoring and maintaining tailings containment systems, as well as monitoring of any remediation techniques used, such as constructed wetland.
Mine lifecycle planning is a key issue for post-mining land uses. There are numerous examples, ranging from underground biking parks to luxurious hotels. There are many examples, including
The case study describes how an independent team of professionals worked with South Africans and Namibians to address concerns about environmental health and safety and the impact of the proposed development of the zinc refinery and mine in the south-western part of Namibia. A wide range of Namibian stakeholder were involved in the public participation process that began during the environmental assessments and continued through the construction and implementation phases of the project. The case shows that local and national interests can clash on national projects, and a sustained and concerted effort may be required to ensure local stakeholder participation. The project was conducted within a Namibian policy and legal framework that had not yet been tested and served as an educational environment.
Tourism is not a major contributor to the economy in this region. It’s mainly based on farming and mining. Rosh Pinnah, the mining town closest to the site is an unofficial village of lead and zinc mining on land owned by the Rosh-Pinah Zinc Corporation.